Music is a medicine with no age minimum or maximum. Here’s how to get the most out of it during every stage of life:

Few therapies are side-effect-free, affordable, and effective for all ages. Music is one of them. From supporting learning and development during childhood to combating mental decline in older adulthood, engaging with therapeutic tracks like Spiritune’s comes with proven benefits at every point of the lifespan. Here’s a through-the-ages guide to bringing music medicine into your routine and those of your loved ones.

Babies and toddlers:

From the moment you are born (and maybe even before), your body responds to musical stimuli. Research on newborns shows that they are able to not just track rhythms, but anticipate where they’re headed next, and music has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on babies who spend their first weeks of life in intensive care units. 

It’s no wonder that parents, across cultures and over centuries, have sung lullabies to relax and connect with their children. It turns out that these melodies promote bonding down to a chemical level. “There's this rich connection that develops between a mother and infant through oxytocin,” says Daniel Bowling, Ph.D., Spiritune's Scientific Co-Founder and Director or the Stanfor Music, Brain & Health Lab. Lullabies seem to go a long way in promoting trust and letting kids know they are safe and cared for, ultimately benefiting their learning and development later in life. 

Tips for this age: 

• Sing or play lullabies for babies before bed to promote bonding and trust, and if you're breastfeeding you can play music then too.

• Keep music on in the background while your baby or toddler is playing

Children:

As children get older, music remains an essential developmental companion. There’s some overlap in the regions of the brain responsible for musical processing and emotional processing, and research on 3- to 12-year-olds has found that music can help strengthen emotional intelligence, academic performance, and prosocial skills—while reducing anxiety and depression. A study in Nature Reviews Neuroscience summarizes music’s importance to growing children in saying: “Akin to physical exercise and its impact on body fitness, music is a resource that tones the brain for auditory fitness.”

Learning how to play an instrument when you’re young seems to support brain health in yet more ways. Children with musical training tend to have better verbal memory, reading ability, and executive function, leading a group of Swiss researchers to conclude that “the advice for parents and educators is clear: promote instrumental training in early childhood, as it may result in life-long advantages.” Starting by the time kids are 5- to 7-years-old seems to be a sweet spot for neural development, their study suggests.

Tips for this age: 

• Invite your child to choose music that matches their mood in order to help them explore their emotions

• If your child shows interest in music, encourage them to take up an instrument 

Adolescents:

During teenage years, you start to form more personal relationships with music. You may gravitate towards certain genres over others and get a better sense of the types of songs you like and don’t like. And the music you engage with during this time plays an outsize role in shaping your musical taste for life. 

As teenagers gain independence, they can start to be more intentional about the types of songs they listen to and when. They may benefit from beginning to play around with using music to reach certain goals—be it to reduce stress at school or quiet the mind before bed.

Partner spotlight: Spiritune x Yale University

Through our partnership with Yale University’s The Good Life Center, we offer students a free Spiritune subscription they can use to access therapeutic music throughout the school year. “Many have shared that Spiritune has noticeably improved their ability to concentrate and manage stress while studying,” Bethel Asomaning, The Good Life Center’s Director of Programming, says. Learn more about the program and its early results here.

Tips for this age:

• If you’re the parent of a teen, try leading by example and playing music to match the mood and energy of certain times of day

• Encourage musical exploration so teens can pinpoint their particular tastes along with using functional music for specific needs like studying, calming nerves and more.

Adults:

Music can help you manage work to-dos, family responsibilities, and other joys of adulting with a bit more energy and focus. 

Some of the most popular ways that adults in our community use Spiritune include getting into the zone at work, starting the morning energized, and going from anxious to chill. Music can help fulfill all of these goals, in part because of the way that the body tends to “sync up” with the sounds around it. For example, listening to high-arousal music that has faster tempos and more complex rhythms can be helpful for snapping out of morning fatigue, while soft, smooth, slower tracks can help impart a sense of calm.

When it comes to goal-oriented music, research suggests that listening to tracks that match up with your current mood or physical state and then gradually transition into your desired state tends to be the most effective. This is why all of Spiritune’s tracks are composed to take listeners on a sonic journey from one type of sound—and one type of state—to another, quickly and easily. 

“I've been using [Spiritune] for a week during the workday to help me focus on tasks, and it has been incredible. Feels like a total mind hack, in a good way... I like the interface that lets you choose how you're feeling and where you want to end up,” reads one review.  Learn more about the process our composers use to produce effective therapeutic tracks here.

Tips for this age:

• Listen to music that matches the way you want to feel while going about your day (Spiritune makes this super easy!)

• If you’re choosing music for focus and productivity at work, minimize distracting elements like lyrics, overlapping instruments, and key changes (again, Spiritune does this for you.)

Older adults:

As you get older, many of music’s more clinical benefits come into sharper focus. For example, a growing body of research has shown that listening to music can be an effective way to relieve pain, both chronic and acute. “When you’re listening to pleasurable music, there’s a release of dopamine and serotonin, which gives you a pleasurable feeling. That ends up diminishing the pain experience,” says Concetta Tomaino, DA, Spiritune’s music therapy advisor. 

Music is also closely tied to memory, making it an ally for later-in-life cognition. Listening to familiar songs activates the emotion- and memory-processing regions of the brain, evoking powerful autobiographical memories and potentially helping to ease or delay cognitive declines. Research has shown that music interventions can improve cognition in those without existing cognitive impairment, as well as serve to ease symptoms of disorders like Parkinson’s and Alzheimer's disease.

Tips for this age:

• Listen to playlists that correspond to certain times of your youth to elicit positive memories 

• Work with a music therapist for a more clinically guided approach to memory care

No matter your age, or the age of your loved ones, Spiritune is designed to help you feel better, focus better, and relax more easily with the help of music. Sign up for our newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. New to Spiritune? Download the app today with a free trial!

Here’s how Spiritune’s team of composers, scientists, and curators makes the therapeutic soundtracks you’ll find on our app.

Every Spiritune soundtrack takes listeners on a sonic journey from one emotion to the next. But before that can happen, each track goes through a journey of its own—one that travels through the realms of scientific research, smart technology, and artistic creativity. Here’s a look into the step-by-step process we use to create new music for our app.

Step 1: Set a strong foundation

To understand how our music is made, you need to travel back to the earliest days of Spiritune. In 2016, our founder and CEO Jamie Pabst assembled a team of neuroscience, music therapy, and composition experts to explore a central question: Is it possible to write a formula for music that delivers genuine therapeutic value?

In search of an answer, our team identified the main emotions that people tend to feel throughout the day. To keep ourselves organized and grounded, we created what’s known as a “two-dimensional affect plot”—a graphical representation of mental states with axes for emotions (moving from negative to positive) and energy (moving from low to high). This left us with four quadrants: high energy and negative emotion, high energy and positive emotion, low energy and negative emotion, and low energy and positive emotion.

From there, we plotted the most common emotions into their respective buckets: ‘Determined,’ ‘energized,’ and ‘joyful’ belonged in the high-energy and positive-emotion quadrant, for example, while ‘anxious,’ ‘frustrated,’ and ‘angry’ were more high-energy but negative-emotion. We also considered the times of day when emotional and cognitive support are most needed: When waking up, working, winding down, and getting to sleep.

Putting all of this information together, we came up with roughly 30 therapeutic journeys that people might want to take throughout their day—be it lethargic to energetic in the morning or anxious to relaxed at night. 

“And then it came to, well, what are the things that need to go into our music tracks to compose for these types of therapeutic goals?” says Pabst.

By leveraging musical elements like rhythm, pitch, melody, and harmony, our team was able to create briefs (or “sonic recipes,” as we call them) that serve as the foundation for creating music tracks that would successfully carry listeners along on these journeys. “That’s still the core of how we think about composing,” says Pabst. 

While the Spiritune team has tweaked and tightened these recipes a bit over time, the same fundamental process is still used to make every new track on our platform.

Step 2: Follow the recipe, with a twist

Utilizing the sonic recipes, we then turn to our network of 30 or so composers to turn it into a science-based soundtrack. 

A composer will use the sonic recipe we give them as a jumping-off point, but they’ll add their own artistic spin during the composition process. This means that the same brief can be executed many different ways, depending on the composer producing it. “I love the mix of one part standardization and science, and one part human creativity,” says Pabst. 

We decide which types of briefs to give composers next using listener feedback and app data. For example, if we see that many ‘Hearted’ tracks in the Spiritune app have a strong drum beat, we’ll request that composers use percussion or high-groove elements in their compositions. And if lots of listeners are seeking anxious-to-chill at work journeys, we’ll compose more tracks for that category. We also constantly reference new research in neuroscience and music therapy to ensure our parameters match up with the latest science. 

Step 3: Review the track 

Once a composer is done with a first draft of a new track, they’ll pass it to our team for review. We use a combination of human and machine learning to ensure the audio fulfills the sonic brief requirements.

When Spiritune first got started, back before AI was what it is today, we trained a computer model to analyze the energy and emotion of our audio tracks. Through this methodology, we are able to assign the music composition a score based on how well the music features match the intended emotional states (i.e., anxious to chill). The really cool thing is that it assigns a score for every three seconds of music as the track evolves, so we can monitor how tracks move through our emotional affect plot in real time. 

While this digital tool is impressive, it can’t replace the ear of a trained musician or an expert with scientific know-how. So we also put new tracks through a human editorial review. Members of our music editorial team—which includes neuroscientist Daniel Bowling, Ph.D., music therapist Concetta Tomaino, and a few other music curators—will listen to it and judge for themselves how it evokes the intended emotional response. Using these two layers of oversight, we’ll decide whether a track is ready to publish or if further drafts are needed.

In some cases, tracks go through several iterations before you can press play on them. But in general, the more composers work with us, the better they get at nailing the brief quickly and successfully. “We're always saying that Spiritune tracks just keep getting better and better,” says Pabst. “It's not necessarily that our science is changing. It’s that composers, over time, become more naturally attuned to what we're trying to accomplish and they develop, evolve and perfect their creative process accordingly.” 

Step 4: Share a finished product that moves you—and your mood

Every time you open the Spiritune app, you have access to our expansive music library, with new tracks typically added multiple times a week.

Once you choose your current mood state and your desired mood state, the app will serve up a playlist of tracks that have been conceptualized, composed, and refined to help you make that transition quickly. 

While each track offers a different listening experience, they all use standardized elements like groove and rhythm to serve a functional and science-backed purpose. And they’re all designed to be accessible to a wide variety of listeners. You won’t find any genre-specific music like hardcore rock or synth-heavy EDM on the platform; our tracks are genre-agnostic to please a broad range of musical tastes.

“The music is written to be broadly accessible. It’s simple, it's repetitive, it has a structure that's easy to learn and anticipate,” says Bowling, our neuroscience advisor. It also leverages groove in a way that is “directly associated with reward stimulation and the fun and enjoyment of music.” 

Carolyn Divone, Senior Director at Crunch Fitness, one of Spiritune’s clients, says “Spiritune is a game-changer for me personally, and it was a no-brainer to bring this to the Crunch Fitness community. It ties into our more recent focus on mental health, and I love the neuroscience focus of how the music is created, and it really works. This is a big value-add to Crunch employees and members nationwide, and more recently Spiritune has been a perfect fit for our new Relax and Recover spaces - allowing members to immediately relax after a hard workout.”

And there you have it! That’s the process we use to compose music that is clinically shown to move you—and your mood. 

Like what you're reading? Sign up for Spiritune’s newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. Haven’t tried Spiritune yet? Download it today with a free trial!

Our top five tips for the ultimate morning playlist: How to use music to unlock energy and focus:

While some lucky people seem to wake up with endless energy, most of us need to call in some liquid support in the mornings. Caffeine works by blocking certain brain receptors associated with drowsiness. But while it puts off yawns temporarily, caffeine doesn’t necessarily give us more energy—and it can compound fatigue in the long run (say, if we drink it too close to bedtime and disrupt our sleep).

Coffee or a caffeinated tea are great options for busy mornings, but it’s also worth trying other energizing strategies to help round out their effects. Enter: music! Music has its own stimulating impact on the brain and, when selected intentionally, can supply a mental boost and fight fatigue—without the jitters or crash. Here’s the science behind using music to unlock energy, and how to curate the perfect playlist to power your mornings.

Listening to music first thing in the morning can start the day on a high note.

Every time you press play on a song, you activate networks of your brain associated with memory, emotion, expectation, and reward. Depending on the type of music you’re listening to, your brain can respond by releasing certain chemicals that support energy and pleasure. 

Let’s start with oxytocin: Music is known to increase levels of oxytocin in the brain and body—the same “love hormone” that helps forge bonds between a mother and child. Daniel Bowling, Ph.D., Spiritune advisor and a leading expert in the neuroscience of music, notes that this helps explain why listening to music with other people can prompt feelings of connection. Oxytocin also helps buffer the body’s stress response, helping us start the day on the right foot.

When you listen to a song you enjoy, your brain also releases dopamine, the “pleasure hormone,” as the track reaches its musical peak. Dopamine interacts with some of the same brain infrastructure as caffeine, causing researchers to suspect that listening to music may reduce perceived exertion and restore motivation, making us feel like we have more energy and focus. (Though your personal relationship to the music makes a big difference here—more on why below.) 

Our bodies also tend to synchronize with the rhythm and tempo of music in a process known as entrainment. A landmark paper on musical neurodynamics notes that music’s temporal elements can subtly influence our heart rate, emotions, and body movements. In other words, we physically embody musical structure. From this perspective, it makes sense that “high-arousal” music (e.g., songs with faster tempos and more complex rhythms) may help us get over the hump of morning fatigue. 

While research directly investigating how music impacts energy levels first thing in the morning is limited, one study on 50 participants did find that waking up to melodic sounds seemed to ease perceived sleep inertia—the grogginess participants felt after waking—more than less melodic alarms. 

Though more research is needed, music does come with some energizing, mood-boosting (and side-effect-free!) benefits that may make for an easier wake-up. As the morning goes on, it can also go a long way in keeping the mind sharp. 

Later in the morning, music is a great companion for cognitively draining tasks.

As the morning progresses, many people need another pick-me-up to get through cognitively demanding tasks at work or at home. We all know the feeling of mental stupor that can cause us to reach for a second (or third… or fourth) cup of coffee. Though researchers aren’t exactly sure what causes mental fatigue symptoms, they suspect that after prolonged periods of focused thinking, certain molecules like glutamate might build up and negatively affect brain cell function. 

Music seems to offer an antidote by taking our mind off the task at hand, helping reduce the effort and mental exertion we think we need to put into it. In a science review called Does music counteract mental fatigue? authors note that a few different categories of music seem to help counteract brain strain: relaxing music, exciting music, and music that we personally really enjoy. When it comes to impacting cognition, not every type of tune will do the trick. 

Case in point: In research published last year, a group of healthy adults across the U.S. was asked to listen to one of four types of audio for 10 minutes: A Spiritune track, Spotify’s “Deep Focus” playlist, pop music from the Hot 100, or office noises. After the listening session, their mood was assessed and their cognitive speed was tested.

Spiritune’s Work Flow music was found to significantly improve participants’ positive affect (e.g., feelings of strength, enthusiasm, and determination) and decrease negative affect (e.g., feelings of stress, anxiety, and irritation) to a 4x greater degree than the other music conditions. People also scored higher on processing speed after listening to Spiritune—without losing accuracy. In fact, Spiritune music was the only music condition to improve this cognitive functionality.

In reflecting on what set Spiritune apart, study co-author Pablo Ripollés, Ph.D. says, "What we think is happening is this music is likable so it’s making people feel better and also it’s keeping people engaged because it has this groove.” It was likely the combination of strong groove, a slightly faster tempo, and minimal distracting elements (no lyrics) that helped promote energy and focus in this case. 

Tips for perfecting your morning playlist

To wrap things up, are the main ingredients for an energizing morning playlist based on research:

1. Choose energetic music for an energetic morning.  

Since your body tends to synchronize with certain rhythmic qualities of the music you listen to, tracks that are faster and more energetic may speed up your mornings. 

Conversely, Concetta Tomaino, Spiritune’s Music Therapy Advisor, notes that soothing, slow rhythms can reduce heart rate and lower anxiety, making them useful for times when you want to enter a calmer headspace (like right before bed).

2. … But be sure it’s something you like.

Your personal preferences play a major role in how music moves you. It doesn’t matter how upbeat and fast-tempo a track is: If you don’t like it, it won’t have as much of a positive effect on you. “Whether [a song is] therapeutic or not depends on the composer and on the listener,” Bowling says. 

Music that you are familiar with or that follows a recognizable, repeating pattern also tends to engage brain centers associated with expectation and reward. When you can anticipate where a song is headed next, and then it goes there, your brain responds by rewarding that successful prediction with a small surge of pleasure hormones. Learn more about the concept of musical reward here.

3. Find music that will wake up with you.

The iso principle is a core concept in music therapy that states that listening to music that matches your current mood or physiological state and then gradually transitions into your desired state seems to be most effective. Following this logic, you may want to ease into your morning by starting with softer, slower music that gets progressively faster, louder, or more upbeat.

4. Pair your music with coffee and other sensory treats.

Individually, music, coffee, and tea are a few of life’s great pleasures. And together, they may be even better! A study published in 2023 found that combining music with caffeine improved peak power during exercise compared with music alone. 

There’s also science to show that certain aromas can enhance energy and cognitive function. Consider building a morning routine that engages all the senses with strong coffee, zippy essential oils, and a great playlist.

5. Download Spiritune to let us do the curating for you.

Spiritune takes all the guesswork out of choosing music to move your mood. Our ‘Waking Up’ tracks leverage principles of neuroscience and music therapy to help listeners reach their goals quickly. 

Simply choose your starting mood and desired mindset (i.e., joyful, determined, excited, victorious) to set your personalized morning playlist into motion. Depending on your starting point, tracks will begin on the slower and more contemplative side, with an almost dreamy quality. As the beat comes in, your mind will get a little more tuned up and engaged. Then, you’ll be carried into a soundscape that is vibrant and energetic without being distracting. 

And as the morning progresses, Spiritune can become the ultimate sidekick for focused work, as demonstrated by the controlled trial on its cognitive benefits compared to other types of audio.

Give our ‘Waking Up’ tracks a try to see why Spiritune wins out over the snooze button.

Like what you're reading? Sign up for Spiritune’s newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. Haven’t tried Spiritune yet? Download it today with a free trial!

The World Cup is here to fill your summer with passion, heartbreak—and a mood-boosting playlist. Here’s how sport songs and anthems impact the brain, from a neuroscientist. —————

Olé, Olé, Olé!

Since the first World Cup was held in Uruguay in 1930, rhythm, chanting, and song have been central to the games. 

Back in those early days, it took weeks for teams to travel to the competition by boat, and they supposedly passed the time by listening to onboard musical acts. Players were welcomed to those inaugural games at Centenario Stadium to the tune of "Uruguayos Campeones” (Uruguay Champions), widely considered the first official World Cup anthem.

Since then, many tracks written for the tournament—from “Waka Waka" by Shakira and “Wavin’ Flag” by K’Naan—have impacted pop culture and unified fans around the world. This year, music will play an even greater role in the games, and there will be a musical halftime show during the final match for the first time. 

Sound is a way to strengthen collective identity, build anticipation, and flood the body with feel-good hormones. Here’s the science behind music’s connection to sports—and what it teaches us about the brain’s reward system.

Why Music is Played at Every Major Sporting Event 

Head to any sporting match and you’ll likely hear music before players walk out, during timeouts, and at the game’s conclusion. Crowds will also chime in with coordinated chants, cheers, and team anthems—collective soundtracks that speak to music’s ability to bring people together. 

“[Sports music] is essentially a social bonding thing. It’s a way to connect and synchronize ourselves,” says Daniel Bowling, Ph.D., Spiritune Scientific Co-Founder and a leading expert in the neuroscience of music.

Bowling explains that when fans sing together, they become synchronized not just behaviorally, but physiologically and emotionally. 

When people engage in music together, their heart rates, breathing patterns, and movements tend to sync up. These subconscious reactions can lead to what’s known as self-other merging, which Bowling describes as “the dissolution of boundaries.” 

“It’s when you start to act and behave in the same way as everybody else around you. You're joining together, and you're losing your individualism, in a sense,” he adds. Research shows that this merging is a key ingredient of social bonding. 

In social settings, music can also simulate the production of oxytocin, the hormone of attachment that may further strengthen feelings of affiliation with those around us. 

It’s easy to see why sporting events, which are often stressful and emotionally taxing occasions, rely on music to build camaraderie. By connecting to rhythm, sports fans also connect to each other. 

Where Musical Reward Comes In

Beyond syncing us up with others, music can also connect us to ourselves and our emotions. The concept of “musical reward” describes how music stimulates our brain’s internal reward system in a similar way to other biological rewards, such as food. 

Bowling explains that researchers have studied this reward primarily by asking people to describe how certain songs make them feel and, more recently, by analyzing brain activity while music is playing.

Music that is pleasing, familiar, or follows a predictable rhythm seems to be most likely to evoke a positive response in the brain and body. If we anticipate what’s going to happen next in an anthem or chant, and then those expectations are met, the brain is more likely to reward us with feel-good hormones like dopamine. Some people may even tear up, get the chills, or feel almost euphoric as a result.

In this way, neuroscience helps explain why so many beloved sports anthems follow a predictable pattern: Their repetition is pleasing to the brain, and it may be more emotionally salient for a bigger group of fans.

Reaping Music’s Rewards Outside the Stadium

Rhythm is one of the most important musical elements for triggering positive responses in the brain, Bowling explains. “It doesn’t necessarily need to have a drum beat, but it needs to be systematically structured in time so people can follow it,” he says.

Similar to a moving song after a late-in-the-game goal, Spiritune’s music can activate the brain's pleasure and reward pathways. Each Spiritune track is composed using precise parameters for rhythm and groove. These sonic components are combined with tenets of music therapy to create music tailored to the listener’s goals—whether it’s to feel more energized, sleep better, or turn the mood around after a tough loss in the Knockout Stage.

We also pride ourselves on creating music that is broadly accessible and appealing to people with different backgrounds and preferences. Each track showcases the unifying elements of music to help listeners feel better quickly. 

Even after Shakira, Madonna, and BTS sing their last halftime note and this year’s World Cup festivities end, Spiritune will allow the camaraderie, emotional resonance, and reward of music to stay at your fingertips.

Like what you're reading? Sign up for Spiritune’s newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. Haven’t tried Spiritune yet? Download it today with a free trial!

Music goes hand in hand with culture. It’s long served as a tool to share stories, celebrate victories, and call for change. One of the few types of expressions that transcends language, it remains an invisible string that connects people around the world. 

Music’s power is universal, but each place has its own way to share it. Today, we’re traveling the globe to explore a few moving examples of expression through sound. Read through to learn about the history, significance, and meaning behind each one, or just press play and let the tunes do the talking.

1. The sweeping stories of ‘pansori’ in South Korea

Pansori is a traditional Korean practice that pairs singing with the spoken word. In a typical performance, one drummer and one vocalist work together to express an emotional, rhythmic story on stage. 

To reach a passionate, emotional timbre, pansori vocalists look to nature as a teacher. Some are said to spend weeks studying in the mountains, singing next to waterfalls to emulate the waters’ sonic intensity in their storytelling. 

“Pansori vocalization amplifies the dramatic effect of every single object and character surrounding the story," said Ahn Sook Sun, one of South Korea’s most renowned pansori performers. Storylines often touch on themes of love, sacrifice, and honor, exploring the human conditions in ways that are moving and cathartic for audiences.

Learn more and watch a performance here.

2. The science-backed soundscapes of ‘forest bathing’ in Japan

Shinrin-yoku, or forest bathing, originated in Japan as a way to help overworked city dwellers unwind in the natural world. Doctors began to study the impacts of slow, mindful forest walking on people’s physical and mental health in the 1980s, and have since concluded that it can reduce stress while measurably improving sleep quality and immunity. These days, there are over 50 forest therapy bases throughout Japan where people can go to benefit from Shinrin-yoku alongside a certified guide.

Shinrin-yoku differs from a typical walk or hike because of its emphasis on the five senses, with sound playing a major role in the experience. Guides will often prompt people to close their eyes and give the forest’s soundscape their full attention, honing in on how different songs of the outdoors make them feel. There’s a range of research to suggest that nature soundscapes are uniquely restorative, and just listening to an audio recording of forest environments seems to be enough to have a calming effect on the body and mind.

Immerse yourself in the sounds of the forest here.

3. The meditative tones of ‘ragas’ in India

The English translation of raga is “color,” and this Indian classical music is thought to paint the mind with different emotional hues. Each note is intentional, with certain tones corresponding to particular times of the day or year. Raga Yaman is a serene evening melody, for example, while Raga Desh is romantic and associated with the rainy season. Raga music can be played with a variety of instruments, including the sitar, tabla (hand drums), and bansuri (flute). 

“Many raags [ragas] are designed to work like a prescription, enhancing a particular mood, time of day, season, emotion or ambience,” writer Jameela Siddiqi noted in Darbar, an Indian classical music platform. 

Modern science continues to validate the ancient music’s power, with EEG recordings showing that just a few minutes of listening to ragas evokes feelings of joy and calmness, or sadness and tension, in listeners. 

Listen to a moving morning raga here.

4. The enduring spiritual power of ‘Gnawa’ music in Morocco

Gnawa is a spirited and expressive type of Moroccan music with roots in the 16th century. Named for the Gnawa people, who arrived in Morocco by way of West Africa, it was traditionally played during healing ceremonies to evoke and communicate with spirits and ancestors. Today, it retains a deep cultural significance in the country, where master practitioners share Gnawa—a United Nations Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity practice—with the next generation. 

It combines chanting and traditional instruments, such as the guembri (a three-stringed lute) and the qraqeb (a metal castanet). Songs use repetitive rhythms to evoke a trance-like state. As one listener described to CBS, attending a performance is "like being on the edge of time.”

Watch a NYC-based Gnawa group, Innov Gnawa, perform here.

5. The grounding quality of the ‘six healing sounds’ in China

In Traditional Chinese Medicine, the six healing sounds are vocalizations meant to energize different organs in the body. The practice of Qigong combines these sounds with breathwork and gentle movement in order to calm the nervous system and clear energetic blocks. Dating back to roughly the 5th century AD, it’s one of the oldest sonic practices in the world.

Watch a demonstration of the practice here.

While musical traditions may sound vastly different around the world, many of the elements that make music emotionally powerful are surprisingly universal. Across cultures, humans respond to core acoustic features like rhythm, tempo, tonal simplicity, repetition, and dynamic shifts in remarkably similar ways.

At Spiritune, our compositions are designed around these universal principles. 

Drawing from neuroscience and music therapy research, we intentionally use tonal, rhythmic, and energetic elements shown to support relaxation, focus, emotional regulation, and more across diverse populations. Rather than relying on genre or personal taste, our approach focuses on the underlying acoustic qualities of music that the human brain and body naturally respond to.

“Music may differ across cultures, but the emotional and physiological mechanisms behind how humans respond to sound are deeply shared,” says Jamie Pabst, founder and CEO of Spiritune. “At Spiritune, we’re inspired by musical traditions around the world and use universal acoustic principles to create therapeutic music experiences that can help people feel better no matter where they’re from.”

In many ways, music has always been one of humanity’s oldest forms of medicine — a universal language capable of connecting us not only to our cultures, but also to ourselves.

Like what you're reading? Sign up for Spiritune’s newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. Haven’t tried Spiritune yet? Download it today with a free trial!

Houston, we have a playlist. Learn about the role that sound played on the Artemis II mission, and how you can use it to supercharge your workdays down on Earth.

Earlier this month, the Artemis II team extended the limits of humanity, traveling further from our home planet than anyone has ever been. So far away from home, almost nothing feels familiar: Living quarters are tight, cramped, and noisy; food is dehydrated; showering is impossible; and every movement must be maneuvered to a zero-g environment. Yet, even hundreds of thousands of miles away, the coos of Chappell Roan’s “I know you wanted me to stay…” kept the crew tethered to Earth.

Like many who came before them, the Artemis II astronauts listened to music daily in order to stay motivated, comfortable, and connected to friends and family. Their space playlist is a powerful reminder of music’s ability to bring people together and help them excel individually. Here are a few lessons we’re taking away from a record-breaking mission—and the music that helped tune it.

A Song to Start the Day

This isn’t the first time that music has been sent to space. NASA has a long tradition of broadcasting songs to astronauts, often in the mornings to start their days on a high note. The first recorded instance of this was a special recording of “Hello Dolly,” made for the 1965 Gemini 6 mission. The lyrics, “While the earth's turning, the midnight oil was burning,” welcomed the two-person crew back after their 26-hour mission.

The Artemis II team started every “morning” (as much as mornings can exist without sunrise) in space with a song chosen by their crew, friends, and families. Their wake-up playlist featured a mix of newer pop tracks and familiar classics, with Tokyo Drifting and Under Pressure said to be among the team’s favorites. Their last day of the expedition fittingly started with “Run to the Water” by Live, a departure from the classic return song, “Going Back to Houston.” 

Previous space missions have also included live musical performances. “In December, 1965, Guptain Schirra and Major Stafford, using a harmonica and small bells, performed in space for the earthlings, radioing their version of ‘Jingle Bells,’” notes an article from the 1968 archives of The New York Times.

According to NASA, space psychologists have long recognized music as a tool for maintaining morale on long-haul journeys. Now, the International Space Station is rumored to have two guitars, a keyboard, and a saxophone, and crewmembers are welcome to bring their own instruments aboard as well. 

How to Bring Music into Your Daily Missions

We’re not all astronauts jetting through space at 60,000 miles an hour (thank goodness!). But music can still set us up for success each day, much like it did for the Artemis II team. It can be a particularly helpful tool during the workday, especially if you work in a job that toggles between periods of focus and creativity.

Here are a few research-backed ways music can enhance your work—whether you’re testing deep space systems or just an Excel spreadsheet.

1. It improves mood, which can prime us for productivity.

As Spiritune’s Founder and CEO Jamie Pabst writes in an article for Fortune, “Studies have shown that listening to music can improve negative moods and reduce stress. When we’re in a relaxed, positive state, our brains are primed for productivity: We’re better at attending to and focusing on the work at hand and we get more done.”

A growing body of research reinforces that listening to music helps regulate people’s emotional responses and feel less burdened by stress, even during challenging times. In turn, this shift in mood reduces one’s risk of burnout and disengagement.

“Music stands out in this context because it is one of the easiest and most accessible ways to boost mood and decrease stress, particularly while on the job,” Pabst adds. Take a page from NASA’s book and curate a morning tunes playlist that puts you in a good mood to set yourself up for a more positive workday.

2. It sparks creativity and out-of-the-box thinking.

The next time you’re stuck on a problem, try taking a break to listen to a song or musical track. Research suggests it could help your brain make new and unexpected connections.

One study found that those who listened to upbeat music while performing a task tended to approach it more creatively than those who worked in silence. The study authors suspect this was due to music’s ability to shift participants’ perspectives and adopt more flexible thinking. “When getting stuck in a rut, it can be helpful to, instead of digging deeper, dig elsewhere,” they write. 

3. It enhances focus and flow.

In a workplace context, music can be a practical tool for masking distracting noise, allowing us to reach a focused “flow state” more easily. 

“There is also good evidence to support that music can improve executive function, particularly when it comes to performance on cognitive tasks that involve sustained attention, response inhibition, repetition, and flow, which is critical when we want to execute tasks efficiently and operate at our best in the workplace,” Pabst notes on Fortune. 

4. It zooms out our perspective.

Many astronauts note that their time in space gives them a new outlook on life on Earth—a phenomenon known as the “overview effect.” Looking at the planet from afar reminds them just how precious and fragile life is, and how connected we are to everyone and everything else on our Pale Blue Dot. 

While music can’t entirely recreate this feeling, it is known to evoke its own sense of awe, gratitude, and connection. If you’ve ever gotten the chills listening to a song or felt moved to tears by certain lyrics, you know how sounds prompt us to reflect on our lives and put our problems into perspective—a skill that’s valuable at work and beyond.

Getting on the Right Track

Playing certain music as you work can help you focus on the task at hand, make creative connections, and enjoy a better mood—but not all tracks are created equal.

As one randomized controlled study that Spiritune was involved in showed, instrumental music tends to be better for enhancing mood and cognition than music with distracting lyrics. A song’s tempo, groove, and complexity can also impact how it helps or harms our workdays.

Spiritune’s music therapist-designed tracks are created to be enjoyable and not distracting, making them the perfect desk companion. Research shows that they increase positive mood and decrease negativity during mentally demanding tasks, and help sharpen cognitive ability without sacrificing accuracy—all after just 10 minutes or less.

Companies from The World Bank and Crunch Fitness to McLaren IndyCar  and Galileo Health are now using our science-backed tracks to help their employees combat stress, taking a dent out of the $225 billion in lost productivity and absenteeism each year.

"Spiritune is my own personal go-to for stress relief and focus. I also refer it to all my anxiety/depression patients. I'm so glad this is a resource we can officially share with our team and patients," says Sophie Piso, a Behavioral Health Coach with Galileo.

Back Down to Earth

Since the Apollo II crew returned to our orbit on April 10, they’ve reunited with their families, readjusted to gravity, and started recovering from a grueling mission in an unfamiliar place. But music is undoubtedly one element of their time in space that they’re continuing to enjoy. 

Take a note out of their book and consider how you can more intentionally work music into your toughest workdays, using sound as a way to bring yourself back down to Earth.

Like what you're reading? Sign up for Spiritune’s newsletter to get a monthly music therapy download straight to your inbox. Haven’t tried Spiritune yet? Download it today with a free trial!